Showing posts with label dance. Show all posts
Showing posts with label dance. Show all posts

Tuesday, May 8, 2012

Food For Thought - Beyoncé's "Countdown"

It seems that Mrs. Beyoncé Knowles-Z has decided that her entire career is going to be dedicated to providing fodder for my blog posts. I don't have a problem with that, I'm just sayin'... This time it's her new video for Countdown:


For me, the most obvious inspiration is right here:


Yes, everyone remembers that famous Gap commercial that features Audrey Hepburn dancing (but not wearing Gap clothing). Fewer people remember where that footage of Ms. Hepburn came from:


That dance comes from Funny Face, one of my all-time favorite movies, and clearly also one of Beyonce's, as she's drawn inspiration from it before. The outfits of the musicians match those of Hepburn's backup dancers, and even the layout of the bandstand shots mimics that of the nightclub set from the movie. The dancing, however, doesn't match. It clearly took me too long to write this article because just in the week or so since I began researching this article, there has been an explosion of press regarding similarities between "Countdown" and the choreography of Anne Teresa De Keersmaeker. To see a side-by-side comparison of De Keersmaeker and the music video, click here.

"Achterland", left, "Countdown", right.
Left and right, Beyoncé is being accused of stealing the choreography from De Keersmaeker. So much so that Knowles decided to release an alternate version of the video that excluded all of the controversial footage. Even De Keersmaeker herself had some things to say  about the music video, though she seems kinder than most. This is similar to the criticism rained down on Lady Gaga every time she does anything that even remotely resembles anything Madonna has done. Because Madonna has never, ever imitated anyone herself, right?

Right?
If you're like me, you were incessantly lectured about plagiarism in school (if you're really like me, you worries about being accused of plagiarizing even after taking every precaution to avoid it). What were the things we were told to do to ensure we weren't plagiarizing someone else's work?
  • Re-write the information in your own words.
  • Use multiple sources.
  • Credit the author(s) of the work.
Knowles has done all but one of those things- she took the parts of the dances she liked and changed the context; she set it to different music and put different bits of the choreography together. De Keersmaeker has pointed out that even though they are performing the same dance, what Knowles and her dancers are doing is distinct from the films they mimic because of their context:

"In the 1980s, this was seen as a statement of girl power, based on assuming a feminine stance on sexual expression. I was often asked then if it was feminist. Now that I see Beyoncé dancing it, I find it pleasant but I don’t see any edge to it. It’s seductive in an entertaining consumerist way."

"Countdown", left. "Rosas danst Rosas", right.
Knowles also took inspiration from all kinds of other sources: Op art, Pop art, Mary Quant, Whtiney Houston... even Gap commercials! All of these things together created a unique work that is separate from all of its inspirations yet tied to them at the same time.



Now, I do believe Knowles and her team should have credited De Keersmaeker since they did borrow so heavily (and directly) from her, especially since they credited Boyz II Men after sampling from their song "Uhh, Ahh". However, according to a GQ interview with the video's director, Andria Petty, it was the team's intention to credit her but they overlooked this due to the tight deadline.

Can you say Andy Warhol?
This isn't the first time Knowles has borrowed heavily from others, nor will it be the last. This is also not the first time this sort of happened in the music video industry, nor in the music industry at large. Paula Abdul's "Rush Rush" is basically "Rebel Without a Cause", and Madonna's "Express Yourself" is basically "Metropolis". Music sampling has existed for decades. "Ice Ice Baby" sampled from "Under Pressure", "Rapper's Delight" sampled from "Good Times", "U Can't Touch This" sampled from "Super Freak"... The list goes on and on... If artists can't borrow from each other or imitate or build upon the work of others, then art cannot advance.

Knowles in Thierry Mugler
In addition, Beyoncé used the choreography to a different end than De Keersmaeker. The original footage was a work of choreography. It was a dance film. Knowles was presenting a video for her song. She was not presenting a dance, she was presenting a music video.


Finally, I think this whole climate of ideas as property contributes to rise of dangerous legislation such as CISPA. If we continue to consider artistic ideas as property in every context then we will be left with major corporations holding a monopoly on creativity because they're the only ones with the money to consistently defend "their" properties. We need to chill out about these kinds of things and start worrying about bigger problems.

Hope I haven't completely chewed off your ears!

Friday, March 4, 2011

Good Ol', Dear Ol' Dad

In my previous post on "Coffee Time", a musical number from the 1945 MGM musical "Yolanda and the Thief", I erroneously stated that Lucille Bremer was Fred Astaire's mistress.


My father, a big film history buff sent me this message to correct me:




"Hi Kiddo -- I have been enjoying "Nostalgically Yours"--it's a very impressive blog. But I must rush to correct a fact in your blurb on "Yolanda and the Thief." Fred and Lucille Bremer were NOT romantically involved offscreen as you report. Fred was from all accounts faithful and devoted to his first wife, Phyllis Potter, whom he married in 1933, and with whom he had three children. Mrs. Astaire died of cancer in 1954; Astaire did not remarry until 1981. Lucille Bremer (1916-1996), a former Rockette, WAS rumored to be involved, not with Astaire, but rather with the great MGM producer Arthur Freed, who built her up in pictures like "Yolanda," "Ziegfeld Follies," "Meet Me in St. Louis," and "Till the Clouds Roll By" (the Jerome Kern biopic). Despite dancing talent, Bremer (in the words of her frequent director Vincente Minnelli) "lacked the ambition to be a star," and after several more minor movie roles quit Hollywood to marry the son of the provisional president of Mexico ("She became Yolanda," as my professor and friend, the late Joel E. Siegel, once put it). In later life, after divorce, she owned a dress boutique in Southern California. David Thomson, who deeply admired the "vivid, useless excellence" of Astaire's art, perhaps summed up why Astaire worked so well with Bremer, "another rather heartless dancer." Not so vivid but still useless information from Ol' Dad."


As I read a light bulb went off. My dad is a practically endless source of interesting stories - stories that go really well with my blog... Why not let him strut his stuff and exercise his writing chops? Well, I'm proud to introduce my new segment: Good Ol', Dear Ol' Dad. For his first column, he decided to write a follow-up obit to my previous blurb on the passing of Jane Russell: "A Farewell to Cleavage". Introducing 'Good Ol', Dear Ol' Dad':



FAREWELL TO A FULL-FIGURED GIRL
Sex Symbol with a Sense of Humor


We note with sadness the passing of Jane Russell this week at age 89. In tributes to Jane, much was made of how her voluptuousness was exploited and marketed by Howard Hughes, who discovered her and put her under personal contract for many years, as well as her good works as the founder of an organization to facilitate the placement of adoptive children. Some, but not nearly enough, attention was paid to the rare role she played in movies of the 1940s and 1950s: sex goddess with a sense of humor. As such, she brightened several movies that are still worth catching, in whole or in part.


Gentlemen Prefer Blondes (1953):
Jane's best known and best loved "mainstream" movie was done on loan to 20th Century-Fox, where she holds her own opposite that studio's new star, Marilyn Monroe. The film is sort of a passing of the torch from an established sex symbol to an upstart, but the two female stars create a generous and respectful mutual synergy--Jane even does a funny but still gracious Monroe impersonation in a courtroom scene. Tommy Noonan, Elliott Reed, and the great character actor Charles Coburn are the mainly non-threatening males who pursue Jane and Marilyn on an ocean liner. (Ten year old George Winslow, with his deadpan expression and prematurely deep voice, is the only vaguely "adult" male on board.) This very amusing film probably remains so satisfying because of the way director Howard Hawks adroitly get stars performances from Jane and Marilyn in the context of the superb ensemble playing of the eccentric supporting cast.


His Kind of Woman (1949; released 1951, John Farrow):
Jane and laconic co-star Robert Mitchum demonstrate great on-screen chemistry in this fast-paced and offbeat adventure/comedy/noir. The somewhat convoluted plot involves a deported gangster (Raymond Burr) attempting to sneak back into the U.S. by kidnaping and killing Mitchum and assuming his identity through plastic surgery. Jane is a down-on-her-luck saloon singer who meets Mitchum at the posh and remote Mexican resort where most of the action takes place. (Jane gets to sing the catchy if rather irrelevant theme song, "Five Little Miles to San Berdoo.") Burr, in pre-Perry Mason days, is a frighteningly evil heavy; Vincent Price is excellent as a hammy movie actor who tries to use his swashbuckling persona to help rescue Mitchum; Tim Holt is an earnest, pipe-smoking, but ultimately reckless G-man; and Marjorie Reynolds is amusing as Price's long-suffering wife. This well-written and mostly good-natured romp belies the fact that producer Hughes lavished a huge budget on the production and ballyhooed its premiere with fifty-foot, pyrotechnically enhanced images of Jane and Mitchum that reportedly created fire hazards along Hollywood Boulevard, and that Mitchum and Russell both despised director Farrow, whom Mitchum in a later TCM interview branded as a "sadist." Maybe there was something to Mitchum's claim: late in the picture, Jane gets locked in a closet for nearly a reel while Burr menaces Mitchum on his yacht with, among other things, a hypodermic needle (Hughes teamed Jane and Mitchum again in 1952 in the uneven "Macao," which was completed by Nicholas Ray after Hughes, as was his wont, fired original director Josef von Sternberg).



The Paleface (1948, Norman Z. MacLeod)
and Son of Paleface (1952, Frank Tashlin):
Hughes loaned Jane to Paramount for these two highly successful western parodies that paired her with comedian Bob Hope. Big budgets, Technicolor, songs (including the Academy Award winning, "Buttons and Bows," which is reprised with special lyrics in the sequel), and plenty of slapstick humor. Of the two, I prefer "Son," which has Roy Rogers as the third lead for good measure; and leave it to ex-animator Tashlin to throw in "boing" sound effects as Jane sways her hips while singing "Wing Ding Tonight."


Now, two more that need to be taken in smaller doses, but which typify (and, let's face it, objectify) Jane as a Hollywood "product":


The Outlaw (1940; released 1943 and re-released in 1946):
Produced and directed by Howard Hughes. Jane's notorious screen debut, this bizarre western was critically dismissed, but critic David Thomson has astutely noted that it is "very funny, very sexy, and as much Howard Hawks [whom Hughes initially hired to direct but later fired, taking over direction himself] as Howard Hughes." Jane seems to be in on the joke and demonstrates a screen presence that rises above director Hughes's outlandish focus on her breasts. Ironically, despite such overt fetishism, the male characters, Wyatt Earp (Thomas Mitchell), Doc Holliday (Walter Huston), and Billy the Kid (Jack Beutel) often seem as interested in one another as in Jane. I wouldn't go so far as to call "The Outlaw" good, but it's not as bad as is generally thought and worth slogging through with a sort of cultural anthropologist's eye.


The French Line (1954, Lloyd Bacon):
Not for the faint of heart, this bloated Hughes technicolor musical production was shot in 3-D (you guess the rest). I wouldn't recommend trying to sit through it, but those who are curious to see how baldly Hughes feinted at the 1950s censors may want to go to YouTube to see Jane's numbers, including "I'll Be Switched" (in a bubble bath) and the rather alarming "I'm Looking for Trouble." Jane must have had a great sense of humor (and a fantastic salary) to weather all this. Gilbert Roland is Jane's love interest and a woman who may be a very young Kim Novak (this is still debated) can be seen in the chorus in several production numbers.


Jane tried her hand at producing a starring vehicle for herself in 1957, "The Fuzzy Pink Nightgown" (Norman Taurog), but the comedy about a movie star kidnaped by a gangster was not a success. Jane turned to a nightclub and recording career, making movies only sporadically, including a cameo in 1966's "Billy Jack" (!); in the early 1970s, Stephen Sondheim tapped her to replace Elaine Stritch in his Broadway musical "Company," where Jane sang Sondheim's "The Little Things You Do Together."

Russell with composer Stephen Sondheim
Her famous body and sense of humor still very much intact, Jane later became TV commercial spokeswoman for Playtex bras, designed for, as she put it, "us full-figured girls." She may not have made as much money from these ads as, say, Alec Guiness did from his percentage of "Star Wars," but there's still cosmic justice in Jane's being able to profit in middle age from her famous screen image of 20 years earlier. If you want to see what all the excitement was about, and how good Jane was in spite of all the hoopla and the frequent indignities of the era, have a look at some of the movies mentioned above.

Good Ol', Dear Ol' Dad


Hope you all enjoyed this first in what I hope will be many future columns written by my favorite dad.

PS: If you haven't yet watched "Coffee Time", it's well worth watching!
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Monday, February 21, 2011

Music Mondays - Katy Perry EMA 2009 Medley

While searching for videos of the 2011 Grammy Awards performances, I somehow stumbled onto this video from the 2009 European Music Awards. Katy Perry opened the awards program with a medley of all the "Best Song" nominees: I Gotta Feeling, When Love Takes Over, Use Somebody, Halo, and Poker Face.


If you're wondering what all that "Katy Kat Club" business is and why they turned 'Halo' into a polka, then hold on tight - the 2009 EMAs were held in Berlin. Why is that relevant? Because Berlin is the setting of the iconic film, "Cabaret". Observe:




Liza Minnelli - Mein Herr
Uploaded by djoik. - Watch more music videos, in HD!


Ta-da! Just another case of modern artists inspired by the work of the great Bob Fosse, who choreographed and directed "Cabaret". Though the medley itself was a bit off-putting, I think Perry did a good job with the movement, and the choreography was true to Fosse without being a complete rip-off.


What do you think?
Nostalgically Yours

Post Script: Because of my move back to the city, I now have many more responsibilities than I did living in New Orleans. This means that posting every day will be impossible for me. Instead I've decided to post between two and three times a week (more if time allows), so you'll hear from me on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays from now on. Thanks for sticking with me!

Photo Credits
Katy Perry: Just Jared
Liza Minnelli: City Lights: A Film Blog
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Thursday, December 30, 2010

On the Sixth Day of Christmas...



Sorry about the inclement weather issues! Here are your gifts, as promised: Six Dancing Divas!

Carol Channing


Judy Garland


Julie Andrews


Patti Lupone


Bernadette Peters


Barbra Streisand



Internet down due to storms. Will re-post later. Enjoy the video!

Nostalgically Yours

Wednesday, December 29, 2010

On the Fifth Day of Christmas...

Today's two items could not have less to do with each other, but they're both interesting in their own ways.



This version of "The Twelve Days" is translated into American Sign Language. I've been trying to teach myself ASL for quite some time now, and I've heard that translating songs is one of the best and easiest ways to learn.




Today's second feature is a song and dance from "Yolanda and the Thief". Probably Fred Astaire's biggest flop, it was originally intended as a fame vehicle for Fred's costar (and then lover) Lucille Bremer. It had the opposite effect, however, and Astaire retired after making only one more film. Despite being an overall flop, "Yolanda" does have its moments - this number being one of them. Though Astaire took a backseat to choreographer Eugene Loring, he did insist for this number that they do something he'd never done before. Supposedly Astaire made the production team sit through every one of his movies taking copious notes in order to find something fresh for Astaire and Bremer. What did they come up with? It's an almost indistinguishable element of the song, but if you watch for the subtitles everything will be clear:



Nostalgically Yours
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